Field and Desk Archaeology


Sites, Old and New

Quartz Twins

Quartz has many types of twins. Many are Contact Twins where two crystals are obviously joined together (as in Japan Law Twins). More subtle are the Penetration Twins which share the same axis and look like one crystal (Dauphiné and Brazil Law Twins). Penetration Twins result from Transformation. Transformation twinning occurs when a pre-existing crystal undergoes a change in pressure or temperature. During cooling, different parts of the Quartz become arranged in different symmetrical orientations. In Quartz Penetration Twins, the most obvious signs are the x-faces and s-faces.

My right-handed smoky quartz Dauphiné twin showing 2 triangular x-faces. The x-face in the second image also borders and is truncated by a diamond-shaped s-face. Similar to smoky quartz crystals from Graubünden, Switzerland and Morocco.